Cancer is caused by alterations in the control mechanisms that regulate cell division. These changes are usually the result of mutations that can affect only a few nucleotides or cause major changes in chromosome structure. 
Both small and large mutations can affect cell behavior and may lead to the development of cancer.  
Ana Lluch Hernández, Professor of Medicine at the University of Valencia and researcher in oncology, specialized in breast cancer, has participated in the detection of these alterations.  In particular, it is worth mentioning her contribution to identify and evaluate tumor markers that serve as prognostic and predictive factors of therapeutic response in breast cancer. 

In the following activity we will work on mutations.

Source: Wikipedia

Activity based on the Biosfera project of the Ministry of Education and Science.

a) Locate the following diseases on the chromosome where it is located: 
 
Alzheimer's disease:  
Breast cancer: 
Malignant melanoma: 
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:  
Familial colon cancer: 
 
b) If, as a consequence of excessive exposure to UV rays from the sun, mutations appear in skin cells that give rise to cancer, will that person's descendants inherit the cancer? Why?