Observacions i context
Comments:
- Today we know that the orbital period of Halley's Comet can range between 74 and 79 years.
- The list of years of observations of the comet is as follows, beginning with the year 239 BC, the first year in which it is known to have been observed: 239 BC, 164 BC, 86 BC, 11 BC, 66, 141, 218, 295, 374, 451, 530, 607, 684, 760, 837, 912, 989, 1066, 1145, 1222, 1301, 1378, 1456, 1531, 1607, 1682, 17359, 1910 and 1986. The next appearance is scheduled for the year 2061.
context of women's creation:
he comes from a long list of women astronomers: Enheduanna (c. 2285 AC), considered the first astronomer in history, Hypatia (c. 370-c.416), Sophia Brahe (1556-1643), Maria Cunitz (1610-1664) and Maria Winkelmann Kirsch (1670-1720). She was a contemporary of figures such as Margaretha Kirch (1703-1744), Caroline Herschel (1750-1848) and Emilie du Châtelet (1706-1749).
Women references in astronomy are the French Amelie Harlay de Lalande (1768-1832) who made a catalog with 50,000 stars that was published in L'Histoire céleste française, the American Maria Mitchell (1818-1889) who worked as a professional astronomer and teacher, Mary Adela Blagg (1858 - 1944) who was a specialist in lunar geography, Jocelyn Bell Burnell. (1943- ) who discovered the pulsar, Vera Rubin (1928-2016), a pioneering and brilliant scientist, who with her research managed to convince the scientific community of the existence of dark matter.
Special mention should be made of the group of "Harvard Computers", a team of women hired by Picker, the director of the Harvard Observatory between 1877 and 1919, to process star data that made significant advances in the classification of astronomical data, and which the scientific community disparagingly called the "Pickering Harem". Between 1885 and 1927, the observatory employed about 80 women to study glass photographs of stars. They discovered galaxies and nebulae, and created methods for measuring distances in space, among other contributions. These women included Williamina Fleming, Annie Jump Cannon, Henrietta Swan Leavitt, Antonia Maury, and Cecilia Payne.
Cecilia Payne first proposed in her thesis, Stellar Atmospheres (1925), that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, a revolutionary statement at the time.
Another important group of female astronomical calculators were the Afro- American mathematicians and engineers who helped the U.S. space agency to complete projects as important as the Apollo or Mercury missions.
Nicole's contemporaries included one of the leading women scientists of the Enlightenment, Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze (1758-1836): Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze (1758-1836), the French writer, translator and anatomist Geneviève Thiroux d'Arconville (1720-1805), who studied putrefaction and food preservation, Claudine Picardet (1735-1820), the mathematician Marie-Sophie Germain (1776-1831) and the anatomist Marie Catherine Biheron (1719-1795).