Observations and context
- Mileva's relationship with her husband Albert Einstein began as a professional relationship, and although her contribution is not very known, Mileva's participation in the work for which her husband Albert Einstein received the Nobel Prize leaves no room for doubt. Why didn't Mileva sign the articles written together with Einstein? There is evidence that when Conrad Habicht, Albert Einstein and Mileva Marić built and patented an ultrasensitive voltmeter under the name "Einstein-Habitch", in 1908, Habitch questioned Mileva's decision not to include her name. To this, she replied: “What for? We are both a stone". Biographers agree that Mileva Marić prioritized getting her scientific theories out there over being recognized for it. Given the prejudice against women at the time, a publication co-signed by a woman might have carried less weight, so some historians believe that Mileva herself decided to keep her name off the page.
- Many women have worked with their husbands in mathematics and science throughout history, but their relationship has been very varied, as, for example, Tatiana Afanassjewa, who married the physicist Paul Ehrenfest and collaborated with him on his work. Currently, his work is widely known, but her contribution is largely unknown. A very different relationship is that of the marriage between Marie and Pierre Curie. They worked together at the University of Paris and, when Pierre was selected to receive the Nobel Prize in 1903 for the discovery of radioactivity, he rejected it if she was not included in the award. Ultimately, the award was given to both of them due to his pressure.
- Her predecessors, who worked in mathematics and science, were Sophia Brahe (1556-1643); Maria Cunitz (1610-1664); Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia (1646-1684); Maria Gaetana Agnesi (1718-1799), mathematician specializing in differential and integral calculus; Nicole Lepaute (1723-1788); Mary Sommerville (1780-1872), mathematician and scientific popularizer considered the "queen of sciences of the nineteenth century"; and Sophie Germain (1776-1831), mathematician who worked on number theory.
- She was a contemporary of great mathematicians and physicists of the time such as Marie Curie (1867-1934), a pioneer in the field of radioactivity, who received the Nobel Prize twice; Hilda Geiringer (1893-1973), mathematician specializing in probability applied in the field of genetics; Tatiana Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa (1876-1964), who worked on statistical mechanics; Charlotte Angas Scott (1838-1931), mathematician specializing in algebra and geometry, fighter for the incorporation of women in universities; and Emmy Noether (1982-1935), who made important contributions in theoretical physics and abstract algebra, and worked on the interpretation of the theory of Relativity in which Mileva Marić participated with her husband, Albert Einstein, and with the mathematicians Hilbert and Klein. Virginia Ragsdale, an American mathematician known for the Ragsdale conjecture, would also work with them.
- Other contemporary figures of Mileva are the engineer Anna Wagner, the inventors Lady Edison and Maria Beasley, the teacher Rosa Sensat i Vilà, the writer Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, the food scientist and captain of the Philippine army during the Second World War Maria Orosa, or the Yugoslav composer Ljubica Marić.
Description
In this activity we will use powers and geometric progressions to solve simple nuclear physics problems.
Answer
Documents