Among the pirates of that time, there is Anne Bonny, known as Boon (1698-1782). She was an Irish pirate who operated in the Caribbean in the early 18th century, and one of the most famous female pirates of all time. Alongside her colleague, Mary Read, she was judged and declared guilty in the golden age of piracy; Ching Shih, (1775-1844) was a notorious Chinese pirate who commanded one of the biggest fleets in history in the 19th century. She ruled the waters off the coast of her country by force, rising from a brothel prostitute to captain of fleets, until her retirement in a casino in Canton.
Ressenya
Grace O'Malley was born in 1533, within one of the most powerful clans of her time. Her father, Owen Dubhdara O'Malley, was an Irish nobleman who inherited a large fleet from his family. He carried out commercial transactions and pressured fishermen who sailed his waters to make them pay taxes of dubious legality. Grace was thoroughly educated, but soon she awakened her adventurous spirit. She was devoted to sea trade, piracy, and terrorising nearby castles. Some of them were taken by force. In an interview with Queen Elisabeth I, she committed herself to quit fighting in exchange for having her children free.
Her life has inspired musicians, novelists, and playwrights to create plays based on her adventures
Biografia
O'Malley was the queen of Umhaill, and a female pirate in 16th-century Ireland. She belonged to a family that collected taxes from those who fished in their territories, including English fishermen. She had a good education, since it is said that she spoke Latin with Queen Elisabeth I in their historical meeting in 1593. Due to her travels, she might have spoken a little bit of Spanish, Gaelic, English, and French. She was married to Dónal an-Chogaidh O’Flaherty in 1546, when she was 16. They had three children.
As her father did, she collected taxes from fishermen in her coasts, even though she also adopted her own laws outside those territories by boarding ships and attacking them when they did not accept her requests. When her first husband died, she married again to Richard-an-Iarainn Bourke, because she wanted to increase her goods and her prestige. Burke owned Rockfleet castle, which is strategically placed near Newport, as well as other properties with ports, in which pirate ships could be hidden. They had a child, Tibbot Bourke.
From an early age, she was involved in international trade and ships, since her father was devoted to the same activity.
Grace became one of the many worries for the English crown because of her dominance at sea and her warlike defence of her land and castles. Her power was so alarming that the English crown decided to kidnap her children. O'Malley got an audience with Queen Elisabeth I. Given that Grace could not speak English, and the queen could not speak Irish, the meeting had to be in Latin. The queen decided to liberate her children provided that Grace collaborated with the English and finished rebellions and piracy against England. Shortly after, the Nine Years' War between English and Irish began.
More than 20 years after her death, an English lord in Ireland recalled her ability as a warrior leader, which made her famous. She is still popular in Ireland today.
Many popular stories and legends about Grace O'Malley have survived until today. There are also traditional songs and poems about her.
- Chambers, Anne. (2007) The True Story of Grace O'Malley. UK. MJF Books - Cook, Judith. (2004) Pirate Queen. UK. Mercier Press - Maxwell, Robin. (2003) The Wild Irish. UK. Peanut Press
Enfocament Didàctic
This character can be studied in:
- History, to study piracy in Ireland in the 16th century and the conflict between Ireland and England: The Nine Years' War.
- Geography, to analyse the differences between United Kingdom, British Islands, England and Ireland.
- Economy, the world of commerce and consumerism could be commented on, based on products created around the character, like soaps, whiskey and names of pubs.
- Music, to learn a traditional Irish song Oró Sé do Bheatha ‘Bhaile, and the musical The Pirate Queen by Alain Boublil.
- Literature, reference can be made to the poems dedicated to her.
Documents
Instruccions per fer cerques
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