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Tema: Calculation strategies
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Competencia en Comunicación Lingüística
Competencia Matemática, en ciencia, tecnología e ingeniería
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Materias y cursos por Sistema Educativo
España > Matemáticas > 1º ESO > Sentido numérico
España > Matemáticas > 1º ESO > Sentido socioafectivo
Enunciado
Sofya Aleksandrovna Yanovskaya, Russian mathematician of Jewish origin of the 20th century, specialist in logic, posed different problems to her students so that they would solve them with perseverance and so that they would continually ask themselves: ‘What am I doing? Where am I going with this ?’
We propose you to solve the following mathematical logic problem.
Sofya Aleksandrovna Yanovskaya asked for change for €2 in a shop. The shopkeeper, after looking at the till, replied that she was sorry, but she couldn't give it to her with the coins she had. Later, Sofya asked her for change for one euro and the shopkeeper answered again that it was impossible for her. In addition, she told her that she could not give her change for 50, or 20, or 10, or 5, or 2 cents. Sofya asked her if what was happening was that she had no coins in the box. The shopkeeper answered nodded and said that, in total, she had 1 euro and 88 cents. What coins does the shopkeeper have?
Observaciones y contexto
- As a mathematician, she stands out in the field of logic and the history of mathematics. She always taught theory, but focused on everyday problems, coupled with perseverance. Her method was simple: don't follow well-trodden paths, innovate, continually ask oneself: what am I doing? where am I going? why is a theory the way it is?
- As a revolutionary, she took an active part in politics with the communist party during the Russian Revolution, first underground and then as editor of the Kommunist newspaper in Odessa.
- Sofya's predecessors, who also stood out in the field of mathematical logic, are Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia (1646-1684); Ada Lovelace, forerunner of computer language (1815-1852); and Christine Ladd-Franklin (1847-1930).
- Her contemporaries were also renowned scientists such as Priscilla Fairfield Bok (1896-1975), American astronomer; Mary Lea Heger (1897-1983), American astronomer; Gertrude Blanch (1897-1996), American mathematician; Mary Taylor Slow (1898-1984), British physicist and mathematician; Marguerite Lehr (1898-1987), American mathematician; Charlotte Moore Sitterly (1898-1990), American astronomer; Odette Jasse (1899-1949), French astronomer; Vera Fedorovna Gaze (1899-1954), Soviet astronomer; Pelageya Polubarinova-Kochina (1899-1999), Soviet mathematician; Gertrude Mary Cox (1900-1978), American mathematician and statistician; Ida Rhodes (1900-1986), American mathematician; or Mary Lucy Cartwright (1900-1998), British mathematician, among many others born in the early 20th century.
- Important researchers such as Isabella Grigoryevna Bashmakova (1921-2005) and Olga Arsenievna Oleinik (1925-2001) stand out among her students.
Descripción
Resolution of a problem. To do this, you have to use logic and operations with natural numbers.